This is the Enneper surface, as drawn by Greg Egan using Mathematica. It’s a minimal surface, meaning one that necessarily gets more area if you warp any small patch of it. A soap film will make a minimal surface if it doesn’t enclose any air. But the Enneper surface intersects itself: it’s immersed in 3d space, but not embedded. So, you can’t make it with soapy water!
This picture, drawn by Elias Wegert, uses colors to show the phase f/|f| of the complex function
f(z)=5∏k=1exp(z+ωkz−ωk)
where ω is a nontrivial fifth root of unity. This is an ‘atomic singular inner function’. To understand what that means, it helps to start with some complex analysis.
This image, drawn by Greg Egan, shows a cardioid and its catacaustic. The cardioid is a heart-shaped curve traced by a point on the perimeter of a circle that is rolling around a fixed circle of the same radius. The catacaustic of a curve in the plane is the envelope of rays emitted from some…
A 3-dimensional honeycomb is a way of filling 3d space with polyhedra. It’s the 3-dimensional analogue of a tiiling of the plane. However, not only can we have honeycombs in Euclidean space, we can also have them in hyperbolic space. The {6,3,3} honeycomb lives in hyperbolic space.
This is a picture of the algebraic numbers in the complex plane, made by David Moore based on earlier work by Stephen J. Brooks. Algebraic numbers are roots of polynomials with integer coefficients. In this picture the color indicates the degree of the polynomial.
A systematic way to generate quasiperiodic tilings of the plane is to take a lattice in higher dimensions and slice it at a funny angle. Greg Egan has created an applet that generates quasiperiodic tilings by projecting selected triangles from an n-dimensional lattice called the An lattice onto a plane. This particular picture comes from the A4 lattice.
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